Improvement in gage-lathes



J, MAY'. ZSheets--Sheet 1, Gage Lathe.

Patented April 2,1878,

No.2o1,932."

2 Sheets-Sheet,

MAY, Gage Lathe.

No. 201,932. Patented lApril 2, 1878.

".PETESk PHOTO-UTHOGRAPHER. WASHNGTO UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE. N

JAMES MAY, or CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEM ENT. IN GAGE-LATHES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 201,932, dated April 2, 1878; application led December 28, 1877. i

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that IJAMES MAY, of Cam-l bridge, county of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turning-Lathes, of whichthe following is a description sufficiently full, clear, and exact to enable any person Skilled in the art or science to which my invention appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is an isometrical projection; Fig. 2, a sectional Side elevation, Showing the feeding mechanism; Fig. 3, a View of the carriage, showing the spool-knife and bit attached; Fig. 4, a transverse sectional view, showing the vertical cams and the inner face of the carriage; and Fig. 5, a sectional view of the horizontal cams.

Like letters and gures of reference indicate corresponding parts in the diiferent iigures of the drawing.

My invention relates to that class of lathes which are provided with automatic feeds, and designed more especially for the manufacture of wooden boxes, spools, &c., and consists in a novelconstruction and arrangement of the parts, as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, by which a simpler, cheaper, and more effective device of this character is produced than is now nordinary use.

The nature and operation of my improvements will be readily understood by all conversant with such matters from the following description.

In the drawing, A represents the body, B the head-stock, and C the carriage, of the lathe. A driving or speed pulley, G, is horizontally journaled on the shaft ormandrel z in the head-stock, the inner end of the mandrel being provided with the usual converging screw-socket or chuck b.

Projecting upwardly from the carriage C' there is a bracket or standard, E, having a horizontal arm, F. This arnr is hollow, and provided with a cap, '1, through which passes the adjusting-screw m. A boring knife or bit is mounted in the cutter-head D, which has a shank extending into the arm F, and is providedy with a coiled spring, h, one cnd of which the interior of the sleeves.

abuts against the inner endof the screw m, and the other against a shoulder, u, on the shank.` A collet, L, is secured to the shank of the cutter-head by means of the set-screw 7', and'is provided with .a laterally-projecting arm, 10, having a horizontally-arranged spline, (not shown,) which works in a groove (not shown) in the bar 6. This bar is firmly secured horizontally in the standard E and carriage C, and operates, in conjunction with the arm 10, collet L, and screw 7, to prevent the cutter-head from lturning or revolving, but not from sliding longitudinally inthe arm F.

Projecting downwardly from the carriage C,

between the sheersV or runways vof the lathe,

ydisposed on the shaft, being so constructed and arranged' as to slide longitudinally there; on, but prevented from revolvingzindependently of the shaft by the xed serrated splinev 12, which works in grooves (not shown) on The sleeve-vl4 is provided at its outer end with a spring-pawl, 18, and carries an auxiliary sleeve, 16, havingV vertically-flattened sides. The lower end of the arm H lis Abifurcated and elongated, as seen at 23', being fitted loosely astride of the flattened Sleeve 16 in' such a manner that the forks of the arm prevent the sleeve from r0- tating, but not from moving longitudinally.

The Sleeve14'is provided with an annular groove (not shown) on its exterior surface, into which the inner end of the dog or screw 15 in the sleeve 16 projects, thus leaving the sleeve 14 free to revolve within the sleeve 16,

Disposed on the sleeve 4 are a series of ver tieally-arranged facecams, 12 3, and the sup4 plelnental sleeve` or-thin1ble.M,ywhich last'isy secured thereto by the `set-screw2i. JThe "sleeve M lis' provided with a horizontal cam,

21, having one of its sides straight and oneinclined, the sleeve 16 being provided with a corresponding cam, 20, one of lits sides being of the upright .portion of thecarriage C, the

lowerend of 4the bar resting on the cam 1,'by which it is raised, being allowed to 'fall by gravitation; or a spring may be employedito depress it and keep it in contact with the cam, if preferred. A'knife or cutter, av,'is also arranged 'to work verticallyon the outer faceof the 'upright portion of thecarriage'Qbeing raised;by the cam 2, with Which'its lower end comes into contact, and depressed by the contractile action of the'coiled spring f, oneV end of which "is secured to the 4knife and `the other tothecarriage.' u i j A :funnel-,shaped rest, y, is disposed in the upper section of the carriage O, its axialline and 'that of* the mandrel 'zandthefcutter-'head D'being coincident.1"Projecting through an aperture in this rest, as "shownin Figzl, there is a knife or' cutterfcl';` affixed .to the inner face ofthe carriage v C. A"f lhereis"also aspringpawl', i, :pivoted to one .edge of 'the carriage, which intersects with `the-serrated bar or rack a, `secured to' the-bed of' the lathe, `the pawl beingkept in close contact'withthe rack by means bf @weight-n andsfrap 0;: In the use `of my inventipmthe blank ,or

stick from which the boxes are to 'be made is inserted in the machine by placing one end of sameinth'e socket bandfthe otherinthe rest( g` in Athei :usual` manner," power 'havingl been previously applied A to rotate 'the dri\`fi11'g`p'ull ley Grinthe direction indicated bythe arrow. The feed-pulley 22 fand shaft y are" then caused to. rotate'in "the 4saine*dir`ection,"being iirstcoupledtogether by means of the clutch' 14:" and lever 13. The arnr lf being secured to the sleeve 4, and the sleeve caused to rotate with'the shaft by means of the spline 12, the inclinedJ side of the' cam 21i will be brought into contact with the inclined side of thecam 20,n the tendency being toA4 force the sleeves l 14j andj- 16 "towardithe endof the shaftg/,oppo sitethe clutch 14"; This being prevented 'by the ratchet formed by the pawl' 18 4and ser#l ratedfspline 1 2, and the sleeve' 16 being also atthe same time prevented from revolving withl thev sleeve' 14' by `means of the bifurc'ated arm H,^the` cam 21,'in escaping from the' canic 20 as the `shaft y continues to revolve, will cause the arm I, and .with it the carriage() and arm to move toward the clutch '14 until the cam 21 passes the cam 20, the ratchet la acting to ret position. i

' A coiled spring is disposed in an opening ain the: carriage in its advanced in the lower part of the arm H, one of its ends being attached to the-sleeve 16n by the screw =17,'and the' `other to the armL bythe screw 19. As the arm advances in the direction of the clutch 14', the sleeve 16 being stationary, ythis spring is stretched, and when the cam 21Hescapes from or passes earn 20, and the sleeves 1,4 and-16 are thereby freed, the contractile action of the spring will cause the sleeves to slide suddenly along the shaft y inthe direction of the clutch 11i/,where they will be retained in their new position by the spline and pawl 12 and 18 until another revo- Aflution of the shaft, and the caln 20`is again brought into contact with the cam 21 to repeat the operation.

As the blank or stickpasses through the rest g it -is rapidly rotated by the ,mandrel z and socket b, and' is roug`hed f or reduced to the proper sizeby the turning knife or cut` ter d; Passing on, (or as the carriage advances,) iti is brought into contact with the knife or cutterfK, by which the interior of the box. is formed," after whichthebar isc'aused to rise by its cam 1, its inclinedtop `striking the collet L at' 10, and pushing back ordisengaging the cutter-head D "and 'knifeKfrm the' blank, the spring h yielding to admit of this action;n The cutter -head D being' removed from the `partially-firnied box,A the cut-` ting-oft" knife "fris lnow"ea`used to advanceby meansl "ofits caniv 2,' andI cutoff" 'the boxfrom theblank or stick,"th`e boX dropping intol anyA convenient receptacle, theknife' beingcaused to recede asits cam'revlves by means' of the sp1-ing In themeantime the-feeding mech-i anism again operates to advance the 'carriage C, preparatory 'to forming another "box, `the bar e dropping to permitthe 'spring hf to' force" the cutter-head D forward toits normal posi tion and againstthe blank. "When the blank.

istentirely used up, the `pawls "i andlS-are r.disengaged and the 'carriagemovedbacktol the'end of' the 'lathe opposite theA drivingpulleyG,`p1-eparatory to inserting a new blank. To prevent fthe carriage from being 'fed `too `1 far ini the direction of u the "pulley, "the clutch lever or shipp'e'rL 1,3 is eitendedlabove thebed j of the lathe in'sucha manner asfto'be'struck "by the carriage as" it advances,`` and fthusdisconnect the clutch and its pulley.`

Y When th 'lathe 's to be 'used' for themanufacture of spools the cutter-head "is''tted `witlla bit or 'rimmer,^"t, for` boringthe hole;

or `a chuck carrying a bit islusedfinstead "of the cutter-head. 'i S Aknife or'cutter, AS, `is also mounted in the lever "r, which" is `pivoted at Q to "the outer-face f the carriage C, and works'."in`co1itact,' atitsy lower end, with the calnS. f

"It will fbe understood 1that properly-'formed knives' and'` tools are to b used in' th'e cutter; head 'to 'produce the interior' and rabbetM or shoulder of th'ebox,and also to tuindo'wi and cnt off the'blank for either boxes'r spools', according to fthe work being done. It "will also' beunderstood that the foams 1, 2, 3, and,

20 and 21 are to be so constructed and arp ranged on the shaft, or timed, as to produce prevent breakage.

Having thus explained my improvement, what I claim isl. In a lathe substantially such as described, the shaft y, provided with spline 12, sleeves 14,

16, and 4, in combination with thecanis 20 and 21, pawl 18, and carriage O, provided with arms H I, the former having a coiled spring disposed in an opening in its lower part, all constructed and arranged to operate A substantially as set forth.

2. In a lathe substantially such as described, the cam 1, vertically-reciprocating bar e, having an inclined or cam-shaped head, collet L, having arm 10, and the vcutter-head D, combined to operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth and specified.

3. The shaft y, provided with spliney 12, sleeves 4, 14, and 16, in combination with the cams 20 21, pawl 18, pawl z', rack a, and c'arriage O, provided with arms H I, the former having a coiled spring disposed in an opening in its lower part, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

JAMES MAY.

Witnesses:

C. A. SHAW, H. E. MEroALF. 

